Hip arthrosis (coxarthrosis) is a progressive disease that affects the bone and cartilage tissue of the joint (until destruction).It most often occurs after 40 years, in capable people manifests itself due to the negative effects of various factors, the workloads of sports and the physical plan, obesity.
Characteristics of the disease
The initial stage of the disease is manifested by a minor but periodic joint pain, practically does not cause anxiety.The pathology gradually develops, without treatment it can cause complete loss of mobility (damage).
Under the influence of adverse factors, metabolism and blood circulation are impaired, which has a negative effect on cartilage.It becomes less elastic, cracks form on its surface.The progression of the disease forms the deformity of cartilage, its cracking and abrasion.
Often, particles fall into the joint cavity, which becomes the basis of the processes of inflammation.Gradually, the process of inflammation extends on the bones, which causes dead to the plots, further bone growths that seriously injure soft tissues and cause serious pain.
Reasons
- Traumatic influences,As well as the application of complex exercise, professional sports.All these causes often become the basis for the development of arthrosis in the absence of proper and timely treatment, as well as for the right lifestyle.
- The appearance of the micro -trauma of the joint,Which have not been cured in a timely manner, also the cause of arthrosis may be scoliosis, kyphosis, that is, the curvature of the spine.
- Flat legsIt creates an incorrect distribution of the load of the spine and the pelvic area, which forms a microtrauma of the joint.
- Infectious diseases,as well as arthritis.Gout, in which serious inflammation processes are formed, which make the stages of arthrosis more intensive.
- With arthritis,Like all types of cartilage defects.
Idiopathic or primary arthrosis is most often formed at the elderly due to the natural wear of the joints characterized by the symmetrical characteristics of the lesion, has an adverse course (most often it is possible to suppress the manifestations, but complete treatment is almost impossible).
Secondary coxarthrosis develops most often against the background of other diseases - degenerative, injuries, vascular damage or soft tissues, diabetes, excess weight with metabolic disorders, etc.
Degree
- Grade 1.It continues almost asymptomatic, so patients are not seriously perceived.There are still manifestations and if you start timely treatment, it is a complete guarantee of recovery.The patient experiences periodic pelvic pain, the movable function remains the same, but in the photo of X -ray you can immediately see, even slightly, but still narrowing the gap between the joints.The first degree is treated by conservative methods.
- 2 degrees.In the absence of treatment, the disease progresses, the discomfort increases, a slight restriction of the motor functions is formed, the manifestations gradually become more pronounced and the lame is provoked during prolonged walking and morning pain occurs.The muscles of the legs and ass can be deformed and dried.At this stage, treatment with drugs is prescribed, combining the elimination of inflammatory processes, slowing progression, and the repair of cartilage type tissue.
- 3 degrees.The most difficult (final).At this stage, a violation of the engine type is formed, a person can become a disabled person.The pain becomes constant, physical activity is almost impossible, there is a shortening of a limb.Surgical intervention is used as a treatment, after which anti -inflammatory and painkillers are prescribed.Preparations are also prescribed that restore the cartilage tissue.
Why is arthrosis dangerous?
The most effective will be the treatment of the first stage.If there is a lack of treatment at the second stage, then tissue necrosis will be a consequence.The formation of osteophytes, inflammatory processes (in certain cases purulent).
In the third stage, articulations of the joints appear, which almost completely disrupt the function of the movement.One can only move with crutches or a stick.
Symptoms
Grade 1:
- The effect of periodic pain in the pelvic joint, it is most often found with significant sports or exercise.
- The effect of the pain of a sick character that occurs after a small break.
- Movement is not limited.
2 degrees:
- The discomfort is stronger, the performance of exercise becomes almost impossible.
- It's hard to wear, bend your leg in your joint, take it from the side.
- When walking, a serious lame is formed (one swings from the side).
- After waking, serious pain occurs, and within a few minutes the motor function is seriously restricted.
- Atrophy of the muscles of the limbs occurs, during x -ray, necrosis, the growth of osteophytes, the deformity of the joint and bones can be diagnosed.
3 degrees:
- The pain becomes simply unbearable, is constant, sleep is disturbed, serious depression occurs.
- One limb, as a rule, is 10% shorter (due to the destruction of the joint), additional pathologies of the joint develop, which forms a complete absence of motor function.
- When walking - a strong lame.
Diagnostics
- Visual verification.
- Clinical tests.
- X -ray.
- Tomography of a computer type.
- Ultrasound.
Treatment characteristics
- The anti -inflammatory type of non -steroidal nature is a symptomatic agent that reduces the effect of pain and reduces the spread of inflammation (meloxicam, celoxyb, sodium diclofenac, phenylbutazone).
- In the second stage, glucocorticoids are prescribed, more effective drugs that reduce the manifestation of discomfort and inflammation (triamcinolone acetonide).
- Chondroprotectors - the restoration of cartilage tissues, normalizing the production of liquids (synovial), prevent the destruction of cartilage (sodium chondroitin).
- Hyaluronic acid is a liquid prosthesis, the product is introduced into the joint as a replacement of the fluid to lubricate the surface of the joints.
- Missorelaxans are medicines that reduce muscle spasm and also normalize the normal functioning of the circulatory system (tolperisone hydrochloride).
- Physiotherapy - effects of sound waves, phonophoresis, ozone therapy.
- Surgical intervention (puncture, endoprothetics).
Therapeutic gymnastics and massage are also used (performed only by specialists).
Prevention
- Weight control (proper nutrition, physical activity).
- With considerable sports and exercise, mandatory rest.
- Prevention of injuries, consume vitamin complexes.
- With the first manifestation of unpleasant sensations - the search for a doctor.
In preventing the onset of coxarthrosis of the hip joint, it is recommended to use a motorcycle, as it is precisely that provides the optimal and uniform load of the muscles of the hip joint, which allows them to strengthen and provide improved blood circulation.The exercise bike provides the ability to choose optimal load parameters, taking into account the individual condition of a person, which does not allow the formation of injuries, as well as the onset of complications.
Consequences and complications
The complications of hip arthrosis are very significant - the destruction of cartilage tissues, the destruction of the joint, the appearance of gout, arthrosis (other joints), tissue necrosis and the appearance of inflammatory processes.
In the absence of competent treatment, motor function is reduced to zero, serious atrophy of the muscles of the limb, the buttocks appear, the chromium manifests.In the last stage, one cannot become without help from the outside.Against the background of arthrosis, other pathologies of all systems and organs of the body occur.